Usually Portuguese. Don’t expect English to be spoken widely in business circles, although some big corporations use both languages. Always bear in mind that people who have a university degree appreciate being addressed by the title of “Doutor” (Doctor). Don’t be surprised if you are addressed in this manner too.

Usually from 9am to mid-evening, Monday to Friday, with a 1 or 2 hour lunch break taken around 1pm. It is normal for Portuguese executives to start work late (around 10am) and finish their days late (7/8pm). Office hours differ from place to place and from company to company, so it is hard to be precise about this.

Brand names and designer labels are popular among Portuguese business people, who dress formally and conservatively. Dark suits, white shirts and silk ties are a safe choice for men. Women usually wear smart dresses or tailored suits.

A handshake is the usual greeting at business meeting. Commonly Portuguese greet each other with one or two kisses (except men greeting each other), but only once they know each other better.  Be prepared to indulge in small talk before getting down to business.

Traditionally, Portugal’s business world has been male dominated, with women only rising through the ranks in family firms. But things are changing and an increasing number of women are being appointed to senior positions.

Portugal isn’t known for lucrative executive employment packages – and salaries tend to be considerably lower than in other European countries and the United States. However, businessmen and top managers can be very well paid.